社区治理中协商系统的条件、类型与质量辨识——基于6个社区协商实验案例的比较The Condition, Type and Quality Identification of Negotiation System in Community Governance ——Based on the Comparison of 6 Experimental Cases of Community Negotiation
张大维;
摘要(Abstract):
协商民主在发展运用过程中存在边界范围的窄化和泛化倾向,为了解决窄化协商的困境,协商系统成为第四代协商民主理论的标识。但协商系统的提出并不是说协商可以泛化,社区治理中的协商系统应具备一定的条件,即满足信息、实质性平衡、多样性、自觉性、公平考量等五个要素。透过这些要素的特征,以及分别呈现的接触程度、回应程度、代表程度、权衡程度、考虑程度等可以辨识协商系统的类型和质量。基于对六个社区协商实验案例的分析,呈现出中国特色的社区协商系统实践。通过比较发现,这些社区协商系统实践体现的要素特征存在差别并形成强制性协商、动员式协商和自主性协商三种类型,在一定条件下不同类型会发生转化。基于此,将协商系统理论运用于社区治理实践时,不仅要发展非正式协商以防窄化协商,而且要把握协商的要素条件从而避免泛化协商,同时还需促进协商类型升级,提高协商质量以促进社区善治。
关键词(KeyWords): 协商系统;社区治理;社区协商;协商民主;协商质量
基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金项目“协商系统理论下农村社区治理的参与—回应联动机制研究”(20BZZ020),项目负责人:张大维
作者(Author): 张大维;
Email:
DOI: 10.16501/j.cnki.50-1019/d.2020.06.004
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